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Archive for the ‘Alcohol & Alcohol Testing’ Category

Understanding DUI and DWI

Friday, March 8th, 2013

You see drunk driving officially called driving under the influence (DUI) or driving while impaired (DWI) all the time. But do they mean the same thing? And what types of vehicles do they pertain to? And can you get busted even if you’re only a little buzzed? What about if you’re not under the influence of alcohol but you are under the influence of some other type of drug?

How rampant is drunk driving?

Car accidents are the leading cause of death for people in the United States who are under the age of 24, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and about 40% of those fatalities involve alcohol.

The legal drinking age is 21 years old in all 50 states and the legal limit for a criminal charge of DUI or DWI is a blood alcohol content (BAC) of 0.08%. BAC is a metric measurement that pertains to the amount of alcohol present in a 100 milliliter (ml) volume of blood, meaning if you have 0.08% alcohol content per 100 ml of blood, you are considered legally drunk, regardless of how you might feel.

The number of laws pertaining to drunk driving have been increasing over the years to combat the rising number of injuries and fatalities related to motor vehicle accidents involving alcohol-impaired drivers.

What’s the difference between DUI and DWI?

In a lot of states, the only difference between DUI and DWI is semantics. They are virtually the same and both pertain to criminal charges for the unlawful operation of a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or combination of both. However, in some states a DWI charge is specific to alcohol and a DUI charge is specific to being under the influence of other drugs or a combination of alcohol and other drugs.

Not all DUI/DWI charges are equal, either. Each state has its own specific charges for driving while alcohol-impaired but the category of charge will depend on the age of the driver, the type of vehicle being driven, the degree of intoxication and whether or not any property damage, injuries or fatalities occurred prior to you being busted.

Being under that magic number of 0.08% BAC doesn’t mean you can’t be charged, either. In some jurisdictions you can be charged with DUI/DWI even if you are below the 0.08% BAC threshold. If you are a commercial driver, you can be convicted of DUI/DWI with a BAC of only 0.04%. If you are a driver under 21, any amount of alcohol can be grounds for a DUI/DWI arrest.

BAC Alcohol Detector Test

BAC Alcohol Detector Test

Common criminal drunk driving charges in the U.S.A.:

  • DUI – Driving Under the Influence (alcohol or drugs)
  • DUII – Driving Under Intense Influence
  • DWI – Driving While Intoxicated
  • DWUI – Driving While Under the Influence
  • OUI – Operating Under the Influence
  • OWI – Operating While Intoxicated and Operating While Impaired
  • OVI – Operating a Vehicle Impaired
  • OMVI – Operating a Motor Vehicle While Intoxicated

What type of vehicles can I be arrested for driving drunk?

The short answer is; basically any type of vehicle.

Depending on the jurisdiction, you can be arrested for the operation of the following if you are legally impaired:

  • Motorcycles
  • Aircraft
  • Boats and other watercraft
  • Construction and farm  equipment (e.g., back hoes and combines)
  • Bicycles
  • Horses and horse-drawn vehicles (even if the horse is sober)

How will a DUI/DWI conviction affect me?

The short-term ramifications include temporary driver’s license suspension, fees and fines, court-mandated community service, participation in drunk driving education programs, and potential jail time.

However, even after you pay the fines and fulfill your legal obligations, your DUI conviction can haunt your life for years.

Long-term consequences of a DUI conviction include:

  • A costly legal process
  • Job loss and damage to future career prospects
  • Higher auto insurance rates
  • Damage to personal and professional reputation
  • Criminal conviction on your records for years
  • Possible revocation of driver’s license

The only way to completely avoid the risk of a DUI/DWI conviction is to avoid drinking and driving. It’s not worth the risk to you or anyone else to do it.

DUIs: The Long-Term Consequences of Drunk Driving

Friday, March 8th, 2013
alcohol saliva test kit

Alcohol Saliva Test Kit

A surprising number of people who would never dream of committing a crime like robbing a bank or assaulting someone would still willingly commit the crime of crawling behind the wheel of a vehicle while drunk.

In fact, driving under the influence (DUI) is the most common criminal offense in the United States. Many otherwise law-abiding citizens have been busted for this heinous crime and have found their lives suddenly turned upside down.

In the short term, you have to deal with temporary suspension of your driver’s license, fines, court and lawyer fees, community service, participation in drunk driving education programs and potential jail time.

But that’s just the short term effects. You will likely have all your fines paid, your education programs completed and your community service or jail time out of the way within a year or so but that DUI and the stigma it brings (and it brings a whole lot of negative stigma with it) will continue to haunt you for years to come.
Long-term consequences of a DUI conviction:

  • Potential Revocation of Your Driver’s License – You may be able to deal with your license being suspended for a short time — depending on others for rides or taking public transit — but would you be able to handle doing that long-term? A DUI conviction can get your driver’s license revoked for up to two years for your first conviction. That means possibly having to find a new way to get to work, or worse, if your job involves driving, it could mean the loss of you job altogether.

How dependent are you on your vehicle? Because learning to cope with the lack of freedom to be able to drive anywhere when you need to will be stressful. Running small errands will suddenly become big chores and figuring out how to get around without your vehicle is going to be frustrating. People who are used to driving rarely make the transition to non-driving easily.

  • Background Checks – That DUI conviction isn’t just going to disappear. It’s there permanently for anyone who conducts a background check on you to see. And who conducts background checks? Most employers, officials in charge of college financial aid applications and admissions processes, officials in charge of housing applications and landlords all frequently conduct background checks on the people who come to them wanting something. That DUI conviction could cost you the job, the student loan or the place you want.
  • Employment – How open is your boss to accommodating your schedule while you deal with your DUI? Court dates, jail time and community service hours usually aren’t negotiable. It’s up to you to arrange your schedule around your punishment, which will probably play havoc with your current work schedule, putting your job at risk.

People looking for work will have given themselves a severe handicap in comparison to other job seekers who have clean criminal records. Employers are highly reluctant to hire applicants who have DUI convictions (If you can’t even handle the simple decision of whether or not to drive while you’re drunk, how are you going to handle any decisions at work?). Even if your DUI conviction has nothing to do with the job you are applying for, it will hinder your prospects, and will probably (officially or unofficially) disqualify you outright for a position. And jobs that require driving a company vehicle are basically going to be closed to you.

  • Auto Insurance Rates – Have you ever watched a rocket launch into the sky? Imagine that rocket is your insurance premiums, because that’s what is going to happen to them if you get a DUI conviction. You will be considered a “high-risk” driver by insurance companies and your insurance rates may double or triple for several years. Some insurance companies may terminate your coverage outright.
  • Professional Relationships – A DUI charge alone can cause your co-workers and employer to see you in a more negative light. You can try to keep it low-key but DUI arrests and convictions are often reported in local media (often in an effort to shame the people who are arrested) and this will put a huge stain on your reputation. Your company’s policy on DUI convictions may even cause you to lose your job.
  • Personal Relationships – A DUI arrest or conviction brings feelings of shame and embarrassment with it and you may start to feel judged by your friends and family, especially if they start avoiding you.

It may also put a bit of a spotlight on your behavior and those closest to you might start to worry that you have a drinking problem. You may start to feel irritated or resentful if they want to “pry” into your personal life and discuss your drinking or DUI. (This isn’t necessarily a bad thing if you do, in fact, have a drinking problem).

  • Scholarship Programs – Many schools won’t accept students who have DUI convictions on their records and you may be denied any scholarships that you apply for because of it or, if you already have a scholarship lined up, you might have to kiss it goodbye.

So if you need even more reasons to avoid drinking and driving, give some consideration to the long-term consequences and how those would affect your life.

Handheld Breathalyzer Sensor Technologies: What’s the difference?

Wednesday, March 6th, 2013

When looking at purchasing a handheld, digital breathalyzer for the purposes of measuring or estimating Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) there are generally two types of technologies that you will run into:

  1. Fuel Cell Sensors
  2. Semiconductor Sensors

Fuel Cell Sensors

Breathalyzers that employ fuel cell technology offer an extremely high level of accuracy, sensitivity and reliability, yet are still hand held and portable.

These BAC breathalyzers are so proven that it is permitted in over 30 US states, to use approved fuel cell breathalyzers for roadside testing for the sake of gathering evidence of BAC.

A fuel cell breathalyzer works by measuring the concentration of alcohol in the breath sample by measuring the amount of electrical voltage that is created when alcohol compounds are oxidized  by the fuel cell sensors. The more alcohol that is present in the breath sample, the greater the voltage the fuel cell generates, leading to a higher reading.

Semiconductor Sensors

Although not as accurate or reliable as their fuel cell counterparts,  semiconductor breathalyzers — the reputable ones, not the ones you find at the dollar store — offer users a more affordable means to gauge their BAC.

Semiconductor technology uses an oxide sensor to measure the reactivity between the tin dioxide (SnO2) in the sensor and the ethanol molecules in the breath sample. When the ethanol molecules come into contact with the tin dioxide the reaction changes the electrical resistance of the sensor. The semiconductor measures this difference and calculates an estimate of the BAC of the sample (the key word there being estimate).

Although semiconductor breathalyzers are not quite as accurate as fuel cell breathalyzers, the lower cost makes them ideal for personal use. The higher quality ones can also be used for limited testing in some business or clinical environments.

Advantages of Fuel Cell Technology over Semiconductor Technology

  • Fuel Cell Breathalyzers are always and only alcohol specific while semiconductor breathalyzers will sometimes react to perfume, hairspray, gasoline, cigarette smoke, and breath substances such as acetone and ketones, even when no alcohol is present.
  • Fuel Cell Breathalyzers are consistently accurate across an alcohol concentration range from .000 to .400 BAC. Fuel Cell Breathalyzers can also report 3-digit BAC measurement accuracy, unlike semiconductor devices.
  • Most fuel cell breathalyzers require recalibration only once per year or per 500 uses under normal use. Semiconductor sensors experience more drift, which occurs when there is a wider variation of the results over time and accumulated uses and need to be recalibrated more frequently.
  • Fuel Cell breathalyzers have an expected working life of 3-5 years, while Semiconductor devices have a shorter life span.
  • With Fuel Cell technology, you know you are using the same technology used in portable breath testing by Law Enforcement agencies all over the world.
  • Fuel Cell breathalyzers require only a short startup time and are able to take many consecutive readings without breaks. A medium range semiconductor breathalyzer can take up to 20 consecutive samples but then a break of at least a couple of hours is required because with each sample being taken the amount of tin dioxide that remains in the sensor decreases. When the tin oxide has been depleted, the breathalyzer can no longer measure breath alcohol until atmospheric oxygen oxidizes it again to replenish it.

Advantages of Semiconductor Breathalyzers

Semiconductor breathalyzers aren’t without their own advantages.

  • The lower cost of manufacturing these devices results in a more affordable device than a fuel cell breathalyzer.
  • Semiconductor sensors require less power to run, making them highly portable.
  • The relatively low cost and small size of these breathalyzers make them ideal for consumers who want to estimate their breath alcohol instead of accurately measuring it.

Use common sense when purchasing a semiconductor breathalyzer. A $5 keychain that promises to give you a BAC reading is likely not accurate. Even the least expensive semiconductor breathalyzers that have any reliability will still cost $30 or more.

Green Initiatives in Drug and Alcohol Testing

Tuesday, February 5th, 2013

A lot of companies in different industries are becoming more and more conscious about how products, tools, and processes are affecting the environment. People are now more aware of recycling, reusing, and reducing products that can cause harm to the environment. There are hybrid cars, biodegradable plastics, energy-saving processes, eco-friendly products, and much more.

The health care industry abides by strict policies in order to maintain high quality processes and results. For example, syringes and gloves are only used once and cannot be used on another patient to avoid cross-contamination. Because of this, the health care industry is responsible for 4 billion pounds of medical waste each year in landfills. However, it does not mean that they are not aware of the harm it is causing the environment. As a matter of fact, they are more aware than most of us. Until recently, there just hasn’t been enough alternatives to change that.

Disposables and plastics

Disposable materials, plastics and rubber materials are all common in the health care industry. Integrity Products, a plastic cups supplier for drug testing and collection, recently launched their first line of biodegradable specimen collection cups. These cups are biodegradable and the company did it by adding an ingredient that attracts hungry microorganisms, which is abundant in landfills.

The plastic in these collection cups is also thinner, making them lighter and easier to crush when they are disposed in landfills. Sempermed is another company that is going green by producing thinner nitrite gloves for a biodegradable solution.

Recycling medical waste

Companies like Becton, Dickson and Company are working together with Waste Management Healthcare Solutions to implement a medical waste recycling program. The program involves the collection of waste containers from hospitals and sterilizing them at a licensed medical waste treatment facility.  This program aims to keep medical wastes away from the landfills as much as possible.

There are still barriers that are preventing laboratories from going green. Medical work demands the highest quality products and products, plus tools used for testing must undergo a strict process before they can be commercially used by healthcare practitioners.

Even though there are only a few alternatives for going green in the healthcare industry, companies are on the right track of producing products and pushing programs to promote a healthier environment.

Source:

http://content.yudu.com/Library/A1vfxj/eDATIAFocusWinter201/resources/index.htm?referrerUrl=http://free.yudu.com/item/embed/468005/e-DATIA-Focus—Winter-2012

Drug and Alcohol Best Practices

Monday, February 4th, 2013

Drug and alcohol testing is part of almost every business in the United States. Businesses and organizations that operate under certain government agencies have to include a drug and alcohol testing program that complies with the agency they are under as part of their company policy. Businesses benefit from having such a program in place because it promotes a healthy and safe working environment, increases productivity, and lowers cost on covering accidents and health-related issues.

However, there is no such thing as a perfect system and businesses will not always be able to follow their own policies, or sometimes, bend them every once in a while. Here is insight from compliance director Mary Brown-Ybos. She has been in the drug and alcohol compliance industry for 16 years and here are some of worst mistakes she wants to share based from her experience.

  • The company policy on drug and alcohol testing is not accessible to the employees being tested. This policy should always be accessible to an employee because some employees are not aware of the policy itself.
  • Zero tolerance does not always mean zero. Sometimes an employee is so good at what they do that even when they receive a positive result on a drug test, employers will consider keeping them under grounds that they go to counseling or rehabilitation. This is fine but the company has to legally change their Zero Tolerance policy, as this does not fit under the legal definition of zero tolerance.
  • Misuse of Pre-Employment testing, or when an employer does not understand their agency’s requirements for their drug and alcohol testing program.
  • Marking a CCF as Random Testing instead of Reasonable Suspicion.
  • Misuse of post-accident testing misuse because employees are sent to DOT post-accident testing instead of being sent for a corporate non-regulated test.
  • Having a test tagged as return-to-duty when an employee is already back on duty. An employee must take the return-to-duty test (and be cleared) first before starting work again.
  • Having a return-to-duty test tagged as a pre-employment test. An employee was tested positive and just a week after, they performed a pre-employment test to place the employee back on duty.
  • Employee was randomly chosen for drug testing only but they also performed alcohol testing. This is a company policy violation and will give a false notion that testing is not randomly chosen.
  • Using hearsay as a basis for performing a reasonable suspicion test. Hearsay should be taken seriously but should not be taken as grounds for performing the test.
  • Employers should complete the required random testing percentage. There are still companies that come up short, resulting as a violation of company policy.

Drug and alcohol testing policies are implemented to promote a healthy lifestyle and to safeguard the lives of employees. That is why it is important to understand, follow, and thoroughly implement the policy. Completing the proper paperwork, using the right type of test, and other instructions must be followed to provide for a smoothly operated system.

Source:

http://content.yudu.com/Library/A1vfxj/eDATIAFocusWinter201/resources/index.htm?referrerUrl=http://free.yudu.com/item/embed/468005/e-DATIA-Focus—Winter-2012



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Answers, comments, information, articles and opinions provided on all TestCountry related webpages are general information, and are not intended to substitute for informed professional medical, psychiatric, counseling, psychological, or other professional advice. You should not use the information on TestCountry for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, or prescribing any medication or other treatment. You should always speak with your physician or other healthcare professional before taking any medication or nutritional, herbal or homeopathic supplement, rehabilitation or detoxification from any substance abuse or adopting any treatment for a health or drug problem.

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